E.g., 04/16/2024
E.g., 04/16/2024
State Income Data - TX
 

Texas

Income & Poverty
2022
2000
1990
Poverty

Note: Poverty status is not determined for unrelated individuals under the age of 15 (such as foster children) or for persons lacking conventional housing.

Note: The term "foreign born" refers to people residing in the United States at the time of the population survey who were not U.S. citizens at birth. The foreign-born population includes naturalized U.S. citizens, lawful permanent immigrants (or green-card holders), refugees and asylees, certain legal nonimmigrants (including those on student, work, or some other temporary visas), and persons residing in the country without authorization.

Foreign Born
Population (for whom poverty status is determined) (%)

Note: Data for Alaska, Maine, Mississippi, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Vermont, West Virginia, and Wyoming are from the U.S. Census Bureau's pooled 2018-2022 American Community Survey (ACS). Data for the United States overall and for the remaining states are from the 2022 ACS.

 5,115,330
Below 100% of the poverty level 15.9%
100-199% of the poverty level 22.1%
At or above 200% of the poverty level 62.0%
People in Poverty: Change over Time  
% change: 2000-2022 18.2%
% change: 1990-2000 46.0%
% Families in Poverty by Family Type

Note: Data for Alaska, Maine, Mississippi, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Vermont, West Virginia, and Wyoming are from the U.S. Census Bureau's pooled 2018-2022 American Community Survey (ACS). Data for the United States overall and for the remaining states are from the 2022 ACS.

  
All families (among those for whom poverty status is determined) 15.6%
With related children under age 18
 20.0%
With related children under age 5
 19.2%
Married-couple families 11.1%
With related children under age 18
 12.8%
With related children under age 5
 9.7%
Families with female householder, no husband present 34.1%
With related children under age 18
 46.3%
With related children under age 5
 54.8%
Poverty by U.S. Citizenship Status (among the foreign born)  
Naturalized citizens 2,228,342
Below 100% of the poverty level
 10.7%
100-199% of the poverty level
 16.0%
At or above 200% of the poverty level
 73.3%
Noncitizens 2,886,988
Below 100% of the poverty level
 20.0%
100-199% of the poverty level
 26.7%
At or above 200% of the poverty level
 53.3%
Foreign Born Living in Poverty by Region of Birth

Note: The letter N Indicates that a number could not be provided by the Census Bureau because the number of sample cases was too small for this state.

  
Born in Africa N
Below 100% of the poverty level
 N
Born in Asia 1,203,913
Below 100% of the poverty level
 10.0%
Born in Europe 220,283
Below 100% of the poverty level
 7.5%
Born in Latin America (South America, Central America, Mexico, and the Caribbean) 3,320,590
Below 100% of the poverty level
 19.1%
Born in Northern America (Canada, Bermuda, Greenland, and St. Pierre and Miquelon) N
Below 100% of the poverty level
 N
Born in Oceania N
Below 100% of the poverty level
 N

Note: The term "U.S. born" refers to people residing in the United States who were U.S. citizens in one of three categories: people born in one of the 50 states or the District of Columbia; people born in U.S. Insular Areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam; or people who were born abroad to at least one U.S. citizen parent.

U.S. Born
Population (for whom poverty status is determined) (%) 24,301,349
Below 100% of the poverty level 13.6%
100-199% of the poverty level 17.0%
At or above 200% of the poverty level 69.4%
People in Poverty: Change over Time  
% change: 2000-2011 37.3%
% change: 1990-2000 -3.7%
% Families in Poverty by Family Type  
All families (among those for whom poverty status is determined) 9.4%
With related children under age 18
 14.2%
With related children under age 5
 14.8%
Married-couple families 4.4%
With related children under age 18
 5.4%
With related children under age 5
 5.2%
Families with female householder, no husband present 25.3%
With related children under age 18
 33.8%
With related children under age 5
 38.9%
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
Foreign Born
Population (for whom poverty status is determined) (%) 2,879,785
Below 100% of the poverty level 23.9%
100-199% of the poverty level 30.2%
At or above 200% of the poverty level 45.9%
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
U.S. Born
Population (for whom poverty status is determined) (%) 17,437,883
Below 100% of the poverty level 13.8%
100-199% of the poverty level 19.0%
At or above 200% of the poverty level 67.3%
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
Foreign Born
Population (for whom poverty status is determined) (%) 1,486,943
Below 100% of the poverty level 31.7%
100-199% of the poverty level 29.8%
At or above 200% of the poverty level 38.5%
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
U.S. Born
Population (for whom poverty status is determined) (%) 15,056,820
Below 100% of the poverty level 16.6%
100-199% of the poverty level 20.0%
At or above 200% of the poverty level 63.4%
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Population (age 5 and older)
 
 
Poverty by Language Spoken at Home Number
Household population (among those for whom poverty status is determined, age 5 and older) 27,557,763
Below 100% of the poverty level 3,724,397
Speaks only English
 17,825,243
Below 100% of the poverty level 2,072,931
Speaks Spanish
 7,846,648
Below 100% of the poverty level 1,459,793
Speaks other Indo-European languages
 711,639
Below 100% of the poverty level 72,809
Speaks Asian or Pacific Island languages
 870,711
Below 100% of the poverty level 74,614
Speaks other languages
 303,522
Below 100% of the poverty level 44,250
%
Household population (among those for whom poverty status is determined, age 5 and older) 100%
Below 100% of the poverty level 13.5%
Speaks only English 100%
Below 100% of the poverty level 11.6%
Speaks only Spanish 100%
Below 100% of the poverty level 18.6%
Speaks other Indo-European languages 100%
Below 100% of the poverty level 10.2%
Speaks Asian or Pacific Island languages 100%
Below 100% of the poverty level 8.6%
Speaks other languages 100%
Below 100% of the poverty level 14.6%
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
Earnings

Note: Data for Alaska, Maine, Mississippi, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Vermont, West Virginia, and Wyoming are from the U.S. Census Bureau's pooled 2018-2022 American Community Survey (ACS). Data for the United States overall and for the remaining states are from the 2022 ACS.

 Foreign Born
Full-Time, Year-Round Workers (age 16 and older). Earnings in the Current Year Inflation-Adjusted Dollars (%) 2,422,841
Earned $1-$9,999, or incurred a loss 2.1%
Earned $10,000-$14,999 3.0%
Earned $15,000-$24,999 11.9%
Earned $25,000-$34,999 17.2%
Earned $35,000-$49,999 18.8%
Earned $50,000-$74,999 19.1%
Earned $75,000 or more 27.9%
Full-Time, Year-Round Workers (age 16 and older) Earnings in the Current Year Inflation-Adjusted Dollars (%) by U.S. Citizenship  
Naturalized citizens (%) 1,127,891
Earned $1-$9,999, or incurred a loss
 1.8%
Earned $10,000-$14,999
 2.2%
Earned $15,000-$24,999
 8.4%
Earned $25,000-$34,999
 12.4%
Earned $35,000-$49,999
 17.4%
Earned $50,000-$74,999
 21.1%
Earned $75,000 or more
 36.7%
Noncitizens (%) 1,294,950
Earned $1-$9,999, or incurred a loss
 2.4%
Earned $10,000-$14,999
 3.6%
Earned $15,000-$24,999
 15.0%
Earned $25,000-$34,999
 21.4%
Earned $35,000-$49,999
 20.0%
Earned $50,000-$74,999
 17.3%
Earned $75,000 or more
 20.2%
Median Earnings of Full-Time, Year-Round Workers (age 16 and older) in the Current Year Inflation-Adjusted Dollars by Gender Foreign Born
Male $50,732
Female $39,424
Median Earnings of Foreign-Born Full-Time, Year-Round Workers (age 16 and older) in the Current Year Inflation-Adjusted Dollars by U.S. Citizenship Status and Gender  
Naturalized citizens  
Male
 $64,310
Female
 $48,420
Noncitizens  
Male
 $42,567
Female
 $31,456
U.S. Born
Earnings of Full-Time, Year-Round Workers (age 16 and older) in the Current Year Inflation-Adjusted Dollars (%) 8,685,358
Earned $1-$9,999, or incurred a loss 1.9%
Earned $10,000-$14,999 2.5%
Earned $15,000-$24,999 7.8%
Earned $25,000-$34,999 12.8%
Earned $35,000-$49,999 17.7%
Earned $50,000-$74,999 24.2%
Earned $75,000 or more 33.1%
Nothing 1  
Nothing 2  
Nothing 3  
Nothing 4  
Nothing 5  
Nothing 6  
Nothing 7  
Nothing 8  
Nothing 9  
Nothing 10  
Nothing 11  
Nothing 12  
Nothing 13  
Nothing 14  
Nothing 15  
Nothing 16  
Nothing 17  
Native Born Native Born
Male $62,500
Female $50,076
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
Median Household Income

Note: Data for Alaska, Maine, Mississippi, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Vermont, West Virginia, and Wyoming are from the U.S. Census Bureau's pooled 2018-2022 American Community Survey (ACS). Data for the United States overall and for the remaining states are from the 2022 ACS.

 Foreign Born
Median Household Income $66,020
Median Household Income by U.S. Citizenship Status  
Naturalized citizens $78,775
Noncitizens $55,454
U.S. Born
Median Household Income $73,902
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
Home Ownership Rate

Note: 1) Refers to the percentage owner households represent among all occupied households. 2) Data for Alaska, Maine, Mississippi, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Vermont, West Virginia, and Wyoming are from the U.S. Census Bureau's pooled 2018-2022 American Community Survey (ACS). Data for the United States overall and for the remaining states are from the 2022 ACS. 3) The letter N Indicates that a number could not be provided by the Census Bureau because the number of sample cases was too small for this state.

 Foreign Born
Home Ownership Rate 61.3%
Home Ownership Rate by Householder's U.S. Citizenship Status  
Naturalized citizens 75.8%
Noncitizens 46.8%
U.S. Born
Home Ownership Rate 62.8%
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
Health Insurance Coverage

Note: Since some people may hold both private and public health insurance coverage at the same time, estimates of those with private health insurance and those with public coverage may overlap. Their sum therefore may be greater than the total number of people with health insurance.

Foreign Born
Civilian noninstitutionalized population (%) 5,128,019
With health insurance 66.0%
With private health insurance
 51.8%
With public coverage
 19.0%
No health insurance coverage 34.0%
Health Insurance Coverage by U.S. Citizenship Status  
Naturalized Citizens (%) 2,227,017
With health insurance 83.7%
With private health insurance
 64.9%
With public coverage
 27.7%
No health insurance coverage 16.3%
Noncitizens (%) 2,901,002
With health insurance 52.4%
With private health insurance
 41.8%
With public coverage
 12.4%
No health insurance coverage 47.6%
U.S. Born
Civilian noninstitutionalized population (%) 24,411,465
With health insurance 87.1%
With private health insurance
 65.2%
With public coverage
 31.8%
No health insurance coverage 12.9%
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   

Sources: Migration Policy Institute tabulations of the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (ACS) and Decennial Census. Unless stated otherwise, 2022 data are from the one-year ACS file. For information about ACS definitions, click here. For ACS methodology, sampling error, and nonsampling error, click here. Estimates from 1990 and 2000 Decennial Census data as well as ACS microdata are from Steven Ruggles, Sarah Flood, Matthew Sobek, Daniel Backman, Annie Chen, Grace Cooper, Stephanie Richards, Renae Rogers, and Megan Schouweiler. IPUMS USA: Version 14.0 [dataset]. Minneapolis, MN: IPUMS, 2023. https://doi.org/10.18128/D010.V14.0​.

Definitions

  • The term "foreign born" refers to people residing in the United States at the time of the population survey who were not U.S. citizens at birth. The foreign-born population includes naturalized U.S. citizens, lawful permanent immigrants (or green-card holders), refugees and asylees, certain legal nonimmigrants (including those on student, work, or some other temporary visas), and persons residing in the country without authorization.
  • The term "U.S. born" refers to people residing in the United States who were U.S. citizens in one of three categories: people born in one of the 50 states or the District of Columbia; people born in U.S. Insular Areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam; or people who were born abroad to at least one U.S. citizen parent.
  • Poverty status is not determined for unrelated individuals under the age of 15 (such as foster children) or for persons lacking conventional housing. 
  • The term “home ownership rate” refers to the percentage owner households represent among all occupied households.

Data-related notes

  • The letter N Indicates that a number could not be provided by the Census Bureau because the number of sample cases was too small for this state.
  • For “Poverty,” “Earnings,” “Median Household Income,” and “Home Ownership Rate”: Data for Alaska, Maine, Mississippi, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Vermont, West Virginia, and Wyoming are from the Census Bureau's pooled 2018-2022 American Community Survey (ACS). Data for the United States overall and for the remaining states are from the 2022 ACS.
  • In the “% Families in Poverty by Family Type” section, “related children” refer to “related children of the householder.”
  • “Health Insurance Coverage”: Private coverage includes employer- or union-provided insurance, insurance purchased directly, and TRICARE (the health program of the U.S. military) or other military health care. Public coverage includes Medicare, Medicaid, or another governmental medical assistance program, and Veterans Administration health care. Individuals can be covered by more than one type of insurance, and they can be covered by both private and public insurers. Since some people may hold both private and public health insurance coverage at the same time, estimates of those with private health insurance and those with public coverage may overlap. Their sum therefore may be greater than the total number of people with health insurance.